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SOLAS-74/78
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CHAPTER V
Safety of navigation
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| Regulation 12 Shipborne navigational equipment |
| (a) For the purpose or this regulation constructed in respect of a ship means a stage of construction where: |
(i) tile keel is laid; or
(ii) construction identifiable with a specific ship begins; or
(iii) assembly of that ship has commenced comprising at least 50 tonnes or 1 per cent of the estimated mass of all structural material, whichever is less.
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| (b) |
(i) Ships of 150 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be fitted with:
(1) a standard magnetic compass, except as provided in subparagraph (iv);
(2) a steering magnetic compass, unless heading Information provided by the standard compass required under (1) is made available and is clearly readable by the helmsman at the main steering position;
(3) adequate means of communication between the standard compass position and the normal navigation control position to the satisfaction of the Administration; and
(4) means for taking bearings as nearly as practicable over an arc of the horizon of 360°,
(ii) Each magnetic compass referred to in subparagraph (i) shall be properly adjusted and its table or curve of residual deviations shall be available at all times.
(iii) A spare magnetic compass, interchangeable with the standard compass, shall be carried, unless the steering compass mentioned in subparagraph (i)(2) or a gyro-compass is fitted.
(iv) The Administration, if it considers it unreasonable or unnecessary to require a standard magnetic compass, may exempt individual ships or classes of ships from these requirements if the nature of the voyage, the ship's proximity to land or the type of ship does not warrant a standard compass, provided that a suitable steering compass is in all cases carried.
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(c) Ships of less than 150 tons gross tonnage shall, as far as the Administration considers it reasonable and practicable, be fitted with a steering compass and have means for taking bearings.
(d) Ships of 500 tons gross tonnage and upwards constructed on or after 1 September 1984 shall be fitted with a gyro-compass complying with the following requirements: |
(i) the master gyro-compass or a gyro repeater shall be clearly readable by the helmsman at the main steering position;
(ii) on ships of 1,600 tons gross tonnage and upwards a gyro repeater or gyro repeaters shall be provided and shall be suitably placed for taking bearings as nearly as practicable over an arc of the horizon of 360°.
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(e) Ships of 1,600 tons gross tonnage and upwards, constructed before 1 September 1984 when engaged on international voyages, shall be fitted with a gyrocompass complying with the requirements of paragraph (d).
(f) Ships with emergency steering positions shall at least be provided with a telephone or other means of communication for relaying heading information to such positions. In addition, ships of 500 tons gross tonnage and upwards constructed on or after 1 February 1992 shall be provided with arrangements for supplying visual compass readings to the emergency steering position.
(g) Ships of 500 tons gross tonnage and upwards constructed on or after 1 September 1984 and ships of 1,600 tons gross tonnage and upwards constructed before 1 September 1984 shall be fitted with a radar installation. From 1 February 1995, the radar installation shall be capable or operating in the 9 GHz frequency band. In addition, after 1 February 1995, passenger ships irrespective or size and cargo ships or 300 tons gross tonnage and upwards when engaged on international voyages shall be fitted with a radar installation capable of operating in the 9 GHz frequency band. Passenger ships of less than 500 tons gross tonnage and cargo ships of 300 tons gross tonnage and upwards but less than 500 tons gross tonnage may be exempted from compliance with the requirements of paragraph (r) at the discretion of the Administration, provided that the equipment is fully compatible with the radar transponder for search and rescue.
(h) Ships of 10,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be fitted with two radar installations, each capable of being operated independently of the other. From 1 February 1995, at least one of the radar installations shall be capable of operating in the 9 GHz frequency band.
(i) Facilities for plotting radar readings shall be provided on the navigating bridge of ships required by paragraph (g) or (h) to be fitted with a radar installation. In ships of 1,600 tons gross tonnage and upwards constructed on or after 1 September 1984 the plotting facilities shall be at least as effective as a reflection plotter.
(j) |
(i) An automatic radar plotting aid shall be fitted on:
(1) ships of 10,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards, constructed on or after 1 September 1984;
(2) tankers constructed before 1 September 1984 as follows:
(aa) if of 40,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards by 1 January 1985;
(bb) if of 10,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards but toss than 40,000 tons gross tonnage, by 1 January 1986;
(3) ships constructed before 1 September 1984, that are not tankers, as follows:
(aa) if of 40,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards by 1 September 1986;
(bb) if of 20,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards, but less than 40,000 tons gross tonnage, by 1 September 1987;
(cc) if of 15,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards, but less than 20,000 tons gross tonnage, by 1 September 1988.
(ii) Automatic radar plotting aids fitted prior to 1 September 1984 which do not fully conform to the performance standards adopted by the Organization may, at the discretion of the Administration, be retained until 1 January 1991.
(iii) The Administration may exempt ships from the requirements of this paragraph, in cases where it considers it unreasonable or unnecessary for such equipment to be carried, or when the ships will be taken permanently out or service within two years of the appropriate implementation date.
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(k) When engaged on international voyages ships of 1,600 tons gross tonnage and upwards constructed before 25 May 1980 and ships or 500 tons gross tonnage and upwards constructed on or after 25 May 1980 shall be fitted with an echo-sounding device.
(l) When engaged on international voyages ships of 500 tons gross tonnage and upwards constructed on or after 1 September 1984 shall be fitted with a device to indicate speed and distance. Ships required by paragraph (j)to be fitted with an automatic radar plotting aid shall be fitted with a device to indicate speed and distance through the water.
(m) Ships of 1,600 tons gross tonnage and upwards constructed before 1 September 1984 and all ships of 500 tons gross tonnage and upwards constructed on or after 1 September 1984 shall be flitted with indicators showing the rudder angle, the rate of revolution or each propeller and in additions if fitted with variable pitch propellers or lateral thrust propellers, the pitch and operational mode of such propellers. All these indicators shall be readable from the conning position.
(n) Ships or 100,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards constructed on or after 1 September 1984 shall be fitted with a rate-of-turn indicator.
(o) Except as provided in regulations I/7(b)(ii), I/8 and 1/9, while all reasonable steps shall be taken to maintain the apparatus referred to in paragraphs (d) to (n) in efficient working order, malfunctions of the equipment shall not be considered as making a ship unseaworthy or as a reason for delaying the ship in ports where repair facilities are not readily available.
(p) When engaged on international voyages, ships of 1,600 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be fitted with a radio direction-finding apparatus. The Administration may exempt a ship from this requirement if it considers it unreasonable or unnecessary for such apparatus to be carried or if the ship is provided with other radionavigation equipment suitable for use throughout its intended voyages.
(q) Until 1 February 1999, ships of 1,600 tons gross tonnage and upwards constructed on or after 25 May 1980 and before 1 February 1995, when engaged on international voyages, shall be fitted with radio equipment for homing on the radiotelephone distress frequency.
(r) All equipment fitted in compliance with this regulation shall be or a type approved by the Administration. Equipment installed on board ships on or after 1 September 1984 shall conform to appropriate performance standards not inferior to those adopted by the Organization. Equipment fitted prior to the adoption of related performance standards may be exempted from full compliance with those standards at the discretion of the Administration, having due regard to the recommended criteria which the Organization might adopt in connection with the standards concerned.
(s) A rigidly connected composite unit or a pushing vessel and associated pushed vessel, when designed as a dedicated and integrated tug and barge combination, shall be regarded as a single ship for the purpose of this regulation.
(t) if the application of the requirements of this regulation necessitates structural alterations to a ship constructed before 1 September 1984, the Administration may allow extension of the time limit for fitting the required equipment not later than 1 September 1989, taking into account the first scheduled dry-docking of such a ship required by the present regulations.
(u) Except as provided elsewhere in this regulation, the Administration may grant to individual ships exemptions of a partial or conditional nature, when any such ship is engaged on a voyage where the maximum distance of the ship from the shore, the length and nature of the voyage, the absence or general navigation hazards, and other conditions affecting safety arc such as to render the full application of this regulation unreasonable or unnecessary. When deciding whether or not to grant exemptions to an individual ship, the Administration shall have regard to the effect that an exemption may have upon the safety of all other ships. |
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| Regulation 14 Aids to navigation |
| The Contracting Governments undertake to arrange for the establishment and maintenance of such aids to navigation as, in their opinion, the volume of traffic justifies and the degree of risk requires, and to arrange for information relating to these aids to be made available to all concerned. |
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| Regulation 21 International Code of Signals |
| All ships which, in accordance with the present Convention, are required to carry radio installations shall carry the International Code of Signals. This publication shall also be carried by any other ship which, in the opinion of the Administration, has a need to use it. |
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